Criminal Profiling: Pros and Cons

Criminal Profiling Pros and ConsM whatever people who hear someone assert they atomic number 18 a criminal profiler they atomic number 18 inclined to think of T.V. depicted leavens more than than(prenominal) as Profilers, Criminal Minds and movies like conquer of the Lambs. Unfortunately, these display cases portray a glamorous classification of capturing criminals (Fulero and Wrightsman, pg.79).Criminal profile is considered to be the process of analyzing a evil scene and using the information put up to determine the individualism or features of a perpetrator. Although this does not experience you the perpetrators name, it fuel be helpful in narrowing stamp out suspects. For example, a profiling ground on a wickedness scene provides information that may include record, sex, age, ethnic background, and possible physical features such as scars, tattoos, birthmarks, or height and weight of the perpetrator. This symbol of information can be utilize to distinguish possible suspects, except it also depends on who fits the profile (www.mtholyoke.edu).The process of psychological profiling was kickoff riding habitd as a method in America during the 1950s. Investigators found fascinating patterns and similarities between serial killers behaviors. Selected patterns found consist of the killers having suffered from profane at a young age. Whether it was inner or physical this kind of abuse led to abnormal behaviors later on. During a range of young ages through teenage years, they would start fires and they were criminal to animals or early(a) children. accordingly in the late teenage years to early twenties, were engaging in petty crime and defying authority (www.library.thinkquest.org).According to some, committing serious criminal sets usu entirelyy starts at roughly or around the persons mid to late 20s. Particularly at this older age range be equal to(p) to manipulate dupes and show a significance of power or domination is a prin cipal(prenominal) quest for criminals, as well sexual intentions. Murdering someone gives the perpetrator sense of control in which they hurt neer had before. Some criminals feel that they need to relive the events that occurred during the get through or crime, so they take something of personal re cherish from the victim. Such as, jewelry, clothing and they go as far as body parts (www.library.thinkquest.org).Personality is considered by many to be one of the some important parts of criminal profiling. The personality profiles of criminals be the commission in which a crime is committed, also cognise as the method of operations or M.O. The M.O. includes the identity of the victim, what the victim or victims consent in common, the appliances that were used, the lack of sympathy, and the sign of any torture and/or sexual molestation. Analyzing these aspects of the crime scene, an investigator can determine the motives of the perpetrator. This can lead to the description of the perpetrators personality, or a personality profile (www.mtholyoke.edu).Appropriately, criminal profilers have methods in which they operate by. According to www.criminalprofiling .ch, at that place atomic number 18 seven profiling methods and six scientific approaches to profiling of criminal suspects.In the profiling methods, the first is the evaluation of the criminal act itself. Included in the act would be the M.O. and the signature. The signature is in disregards to why he does the acts he does, or the thing that fulfills him emotion totallyy. Then an evaluation of the precision of the crime scene or scenes would be taken. An abbreviation of the victim or victims is conduced, this is also known as victimology. Subsequently, an evaluation of the preliminary constabulary chronicles is seized, as well as the medical examiners autopsy protocol. As a result, the set up of a profile with critical offender characteristics is constructed. Lastly, an investigative suggestion to a prediction on the construct of the profile is constructed. The next level is to blockade with local investigators and propose practical strategies to get the unidentified subject or UNSUB to make a move.Then in that location are the scientific approaches to profiling criminal suspects. Initially there is profiling inputs. Inside this first stage an accumulation of all information around the crime is pulled together. Information that includes physical recite from the crime scene, photographs of the crime scene, any autopsy reports and photos, witness testimonies, background information about the victim or victims and police reports. At this stage the criminal profiler does not want to know about suspects because it could cause a preconceived notion direction to their profile. Second are the decision process models. Within the decision processing model the profiler organizes all information into questions and patterns through many dimensions of criminal activities. Questions such as, what type of homicide has been committed, what is the primary motive of the crime and so on. Third is the crime assessment. Based on the findings of the other stages, the profiler tries to recreate the behavior of the offender and the victim. For example, as oecumenical profiling rules say vile facial injuries are directed to killers who know their victims, murders committed with any weapon that happens to be available display greater impulsivity than murders committed with a gun and may reveal a killer who lives kinda closely to the victim and murders performed early in the morning rarely involve intoxicant or drug use (www.criminalprofiling.ch). Fourth is the initial criminal profile. This is where the profiler formulates the scetch of the most likely suspects. The majority of coarse profiles include such items as the perpetrators race, marital status, sex, age, where they live, physical exertion history, past criminal records, psychological characteristics and beli efs and values. Fifth is the probe stage. The investigation stage involves a written report that is given to the investigators that concentrate on suspects matching the profile. more or less likely the police have already talked to the suspected but had no reason to doubt the suspects testimony. Still, if evidence is introduced at this stage the profile would need to be revised. Preceding the investigation stage is the apprehension stage. Ultimately, the main objective of the stages was to capture the right suspect which in turn leads to the interview technique. With the purpose of getting the perpetrator to confess or talk about the crimes he has committed, this technique can lead to helping in assessing he modulates of background and psychological variables (www.criminalprofiling.ch).Investigators putting together a profile use another dickens approaches inductive and deductive. Inductive profiling imply believing that when a criminal commits a crime they have relate motive or experience of someone who has committed the same type of crime . An example of this is re-offending rapists whose target is white women, more often than not are most likely not to be black. Based on the fact that crimes in the past that have been similar have rarely go across racial lines. However, these statements have been inquired and have encountered a lot of publicized negative aspects.Deductive profiling involves a process that avoids generalizations and averages. This method involves care amply studying suspects in great detail and changing findings in when novel evidence emerges. A deductive profile is established on the offenders actions prior to, in the course of and by and by committing the crime. For example, if the murderer used a provisional weapon, the investigators are then able to assume that the crime was most likely random. Another example entails serial murderers. At this juncture, investigators are able to find out if the murder was organized. Which means th at the killer carried out a planned attack on the victim, or if the attack was disorganised the murder was unplanned and the killer conducted themselves in an inexact itinerary. Organized killers tend to carry a utensil kit that has a mask, gloves, duct tape and rope. With these tools they can bind their victims while hiding their identity and not leave finger prints.Criminal profiling is used not only to find possible offenders, but it also helps narrow down a list of offenders that the police have already compiled. Although it doesnt field in every case, criminal profiling has helped investigators to catch many criminals. Through assessing the patterns and motives of previous(prenominal) criminals, criminal profiling allows investigators to accurately predict the characteristics of future and current offenders, which allows killers and other perpetrators to be caught before they can continue on to other crimes (www.wisegeek.com).Predictable, criminal profiling does have disad vantages, or cons. Some cons to criminal profiling involve not being able to identify a specific suspect nor reveal a certain individual, let only an summateress or phone number. There are even instances when perpetrators purposely staging crime scenes to transmit police and investigators off the right track. In many instances, the profiler will not know that area reservation more room for erroneous conclusions. Furthermore, profilers tend to have more background knowledge in psychopathology than the little background they have in forensic or criminal knowledge. Hence if the investigators and profilers do not work together it can cause the investigation to go unsolved because the information collected from some(prenominal) parties has not been collaborated.While there are cons or disadvantages to criminal profiling not surprisingly there are the pros to criminal profiling.PC knowledge domain Environmental epitomePC knowledge domain Environmental abstractEnvironmental Ana lysis PC World ShopPC WORLDDublin branch / Electronics department2. Terms of ReferenceOn October 2009 pipeline focal point t severallyer Ms Keran AbbertonRequested 2000-2500 words report on the organisation where the students doing their work experience or only other company or arrangement of their choice. This report was to be submitted by 16th December 2009 in partial completion of Business Management module. I got the opportunity to do my work experience in (PC WORLD) shop, and my assignment will be based on this organisation.3. Method of ProcedureIn assemble to obtain relevant information, the following procedures where adopted mark notes from Karen Abberton observation in the target workplace, Blanchardstown PC World 2 days a week fatigued in the PC WORLD Blanchardstown branch shop in order to complete 300 hours work experience for my advanced certificate in business course in Ballsbridge College of Further EducationsI obtained the information of working procedure from Ke n Flynn, the manager of the department.He trained me how to price the crops, how to put security tags on the reckoners and all other carrefours in the warehousing, how to fill out the list of the different product to bring down from the warehouse. He told me the code for the wear house door. He explained to me how to print out the tickets for all products. He taught me to contend with customers and how to organise the stock for the next day. Bassically Ken Flynn introduced me to all working procedures in the shop.I obtained information about PC WORLD from the module and my managers.4 Findings4.1 Description of organizationPC World was founded in November 1991, when a company called the Vision Technology group Ltd, founded by Jan Murray, opened the first PCW Superstore in Croydon.The 24,000 square plunk store specialised in the sale of PCs and computer related products. With PC ownership just stemma to take off, the concept soon proved popular and a second 23,000 square foot store was opened the following year at the Lakeside Retail Park in West Thurrock. 2 further stores followed, at Brentford and Staples Corner in north London. At that point, in 1993, Vision Technology Group struck a deal to sell its four PC World Superstores to the Dixons Group plc (DSG).Throughout the nineties DSG continued to expand the PC World portfolio of stores rapidly. In 1996 it acquired DN Computer table services plc, a direct computer reseller business, operating out of Heywood in Lancashire.This gave DSG the infrastructure it needed to launch PC World Business bet in September 1997 a bare-ass business-to-business IT mail order service incorporating the brand strength of PCW and the heavens expertise of DSG. A fully functional transactional website www.pcwb.com followed in 1999.In March 2001, as PC World Business, the company moved into a brand new 13 million headquarters building and operations Centre in Bury, Lancashire to meet the maturement in look at from th e business commercialize.Recent achievementsIn October 2001 PC World Business was accepted to become an accredited GCat (Government Catalogue for IT supply) Prime Contractor to the Public Sector.In May 2002 PC World Business won two major multi-million pound contracts as a lead supplier and enabler of the Scottish Parliaments (The Scottish Executive) new Digital Inclusion Programme aimed at braggy every individual in Scotland better access to online services.Also in 2002 the group acquired Genesis communication theory a specialist Business Telecoms reseller to strengthen its business-to-business oblation.PC World Business also strengthened its product leading in 2003, with the introduction of a new finance package called SmartPlan. This product, a unique offering in the UK, allows businesses to spread the cost of their larger IT purchases in the form of a lease agreement.In June 2004 small Warehouse UK became a division of PC World Business, following the acquisition of the UK Operations of WHSU Inc. and WHSU International Inc. (formerly known as Micro Warehouse Inc. and Micro Warehouse International Inc. respectively) by PC World Business parent company.Micro Warehouse is one of the UKs largest and longest established direct resellers of branded IT products and services to business. Commenting on the acquisition, Simon Turner, Managing Director of PC World Group state This is an important deal that will further merge our position in the B2B technology market in the UK. The Micro Warehouse business will add scale to our unique combination of direct selling, national network of Business Centres and cutting edge value added services. (Ref www.pcworld.com accessed 15th of December 2009)Ken Flynn managing director of Blanchardstown PC World branch. Responsible for inbound and outbound procedures which internet the shop.John OConnor is assistant manager which trusty for all staff workers.Pallav floor manager has pretty much same responsibilities as assis tant manager of the floor.Kryzstof he is stock controller in the warehouse responsible for inbound products. Making sure no products arrive damaged. Correct distribution of this stuck.Staff is responsible in the first place correct they provide.I myself am responsible for making sure that no customers a left an attendant. I have to introduce customers to the products benefits and fetchers. To let them know the prices I also help Krzystof in the warehouse from time to time .4.2 Internal influence on organizationThe value chain analysis is a very important tool for an organization. It helps to master the companys structure and who is responsible for what. The value chain analysis includes the detailed description of each department of the company.1. Inbound Logistics It is the first step of the PC Worlds business.All the goods get by the company are inbound logistics, the stationary. The stock arriving in the warehouse.2. Operations are the value creating activities that shift the inputs into the final product.3. Outbound logistics are the activities required to get the finished product to the customers, including warehousing, order fulfillment, etc.4. selling Sales Are those activities associated with getting buyers to purchase the product, including channel selection, advertising pricing, etc.4. Service activities are those that hold and enhance the products value including customers support, repair services, etc. (www.valubasedmanagement accessed 10th of December)Any or all of those primary activities may be critical in developing a competitive advantage. For example, logistics activities are critical for a provider of distribution services, and service activities may be the key focus for a firm offering on-the-spot(prenominal) maintenance contract for office equipment.These five categories are generic and portrayed here in a general manner. Each generic activity includes specific activities that vary by diligence. (www.valubasedmanagement accessed 1 0th of December)4.3 External influence on organisationPEST analysisIt is very important that an organization considers its purlieu before stolon the marketing process. In fact, environmental analysis should be continuous and feed all aspects of planning. The organizations marketing environment is made up ofPESTPolitical Factors.The political factor has a huge influence on any businesses in the land it runs in, and also on the spending ability of consumers. The following issues should be considered. truth of employmentWill government policy influence integritys that regulate or tax your business? force of environmental regulations. Recycling charges.The employment law in PC World shop is followed according to the rules and regulations of the employment Act. I was trained for safety and fire situations. I got paperwork with the detailed explanation of my duties and entitlements.If the government changes the tax law to higher rate it means that the shop has to rise the prises on th e goods and it means less sales which is a loss for the shop.Economic Factors.Marketers need to consider the state of a trading economy in the neat and long-terms. This is especially true when planning for international marketing. You need to look atIf interest rates go up it will influence the income of the company.If level of inflation is low than the consumers confidence is low.VAT rates it is being discussed that VAT rate will be profitd on tomorrows budget if it happens than potential customers will be provoked to do their shopping across the border.Socio-cultural Factors.The social and cultural influences on business vary from country to country. It is very important that such factors are considered. Factors includeAn Irish website, www.cso.ie gives information about the population of the country. Marriages, deaths, births and so on. It is important that population grows because in 10-15 years a generation will be old seemly to use most new technology. There always will be a huge demand in newer versions of computers, IPods, TV-sets and so on. This is what people want and the higher the population is the better it is for the technology selling shops. roughly all the goods in the shop are imported from different countries. The main country of import is China, customers are aware of the fact that most of the goods in the country are imported and it never was a concern. A great(p)ger concern for the customers is which country were the goods released by.Career attitude Younger people are more educated in regards to the new technologies and of course it is easier for a younger generation to find a job rather than someone older, because they will need to be trained. Younger people know simply what they want, what type of computer, TV, DVD-player and so on. Kids digital games, play station, Nintendo games and so on. Business owners can get all the information from the website mentioned above and use it as a guide of purchasing certain goods during differ ent years for sale.Technological Factors.Technology is vital for competitive advantage, and is a major driver of globalization. Consider the following pointsDoes technology allow for products and services to be made more cheaply and to a better standard of quality?Do the technologies offer consumers and businesses more innovative products and services?How is distribution changed by new technologies?Does technology offer companies a new way to communicate with overseas agents?Technology has a huge impact on selling performance in any business. PC World Dublin is now looking into introducing online shopping. It makes the goods to be purchased cheaper and more convenient for the customers. England PC World has already implemented this procedure and it has a great success.PC World shops always offer its customers more innovative products for sale. More up to date and newer goods as they are in huge demand as I said before.Distribution can ease customers life as already said online shopp ing. Telephone sales.PC World can easily get in touch with its agents in England order an item and let the customer know the day it will be available for collection.As you can see the PEST analysis is a very important tool for an organisation. It lets the management of the company see the weak sides of the business they run and predict the sales for the nearer future.Porter five ForcesA porter Five Forces Analysis is an important marketing planning tool for looking at the competitive environment that affects a business. Understanding the competitive ability of the industry is critical to the companys potential success.The model is illustrated hereThreat of bare-assed EntrantsIn the first of the five forces, new competitors in industry can raise the level of competition, lessen its attractiveness to current members. The threat of new entrants depends on how strong is the barriers to entry. Business like restaurants, hotels, local shops have very low barriers to entry of the new co mpetitors.At present the threat of new entrants into the industry of PC World shop is very low. Even when the economy was growing not too many new entrants appeared in the market of Technology selling industry, I doubt there will be any now. So we can say that PC Worlds barriers to new entrants are quite high.Threat of SubstitutesThe substitute of the product is not very high because as we know in the first place PC World is part of the Currys stores, which also include Dixons, so even if a customer cannot find the product he needs the choice of the technology selling stores is one of the three mentioned ones or mogul City. Customers may tack to buy a good in a shop which has the product they need regardless their wonderful, previous experience with PC World shop. So we can see that PC Worlds weak point is lack of variety of the products and if Curys and Dixons werent part of the shops co-working with PC World than PC World would have very low barriers of crossroad substitute, it would be easy for customers to switch to a different shop, but it would be painful for the store.Power of SuppliersSuppliers are defined as the businesses that supply materials other products to the businesses within an industry.I am not sure who exactly supplies the products for PC World I presume it is China but would say for sure which company or producer. I wouldnt take the responsibility to judge on this topic because of my lack of knowledge in this area.Power of BuyersBuyers are the people and/or organizations who create the demand in an industry. They are the target of any business. They are the reason of the business existence. In the present economical time it is definitely the buyers time. And PC World as a buyer has it power upon its suppliers at present, unless the supplier is the only one in the industry market than he can dictate the rules and have complete power upon its customers. Anyway PC World has to freeze off its prices at the moment to meet the customers fin ancial needs.Intensity of RivalryThe fifth of the five forces, the rapture of contention between competitors in an industry, depends chiefly onThe structure of competition a rivalry is more fierce where there are many small or closely-sized competitors a rivalry is less intense when an industry has a clear market leaderan alternative supplierStrategic objectives when competitors are pursuing aggressive growth strategies, rivalry becomes more intense when competitors are milking the profits in a mature industry, the degree of rivalry is lowerExit barriers when the barriers (such as the cost to close down factories) to leaving an industry are high, then competitors tend to show a greater degree of rivalry www.marketingteacher.com ( accessed on the 5th of December 2009)As mentioned already there are not too many competitors in the computer selling industry which means the intensity of rivalry is not that high. The competitors which exist are not taking any extra actions which ma y dramatically and negatively influence the store strategies and selling abilities. All the shops have pretty much the same prices, products, offers which makes all competitors be stable in the market.4.4 Internal/external influence on organisationSwot AnalysisStrengthStaff a well trained and qualified staff with many years of experience. productive The business itself is very profitable. Technology is civilisation. And this type of product will always be in big demand.Shop location is very handy. Most of the shops are located in easy to reach areas. In big and busy visited shopping centres.Growing the business is growing fast as the products of the company are in very big demand.WeaknessesLack of new products New products could be introduced in some of the branches. PC World does not sell domestic technology. (EX washing machines, dishwashers, fridges etc.)Price Sometimes prices on some of the products are higher than in the other shops.Staff some staff representatives have lack of knowledge about technology and about the products of the shop.Macro Analysis External analysis.OpportunitiesNew products- the introduction of new products can increase sales.Funding Investment in staff training, well trained staff means increase of sales.Service A good high quality service will make the customers come back over again and again.ThreatsNew competitors Power City is a competitor. If they open more stores around the city it will interrupt with the selling procedure of PC World.Redundancy in the present recession times people are losing jobs which reduce their ability as a buyer.Economy Present economical situation influences sales in a negative way.5 ConclusionsBlanchardstown PC WORLDs goal is to sell quality product and satisfy fully its customers needs. Company policy is designed to ensure that the company can attract, recruit, develop and retain people of the type and calibre it requires to achieve this aimBlanchardstown PC WORLD policy is to recognis e and reward the potential of each individual employee and to encourage personal development and career progression. Therefore promote internally wherever possible.Blanchardstown PC WORLDs aim to exceed customer expectations. The vision of PC WORLD is to be the best and most arouse Department stash away in Ireland. It is their mission to ensure that PC WORLD in the Department Store of first choice for discerning Electronics middle market customer6 RecommendationsI have to say that I was extremely happy with my experience in PC WORLD shop. The customer service staff which seem to be the same people working every weekend I dealt with seem to be pleasant and helpful every time. I found high value goods for little money. I would advocate other student if they can use the opportunity to work in this shop as this is a rich experience in business field.